{"product_id":"crusader-castles-of-the-teutonic-knights-2-the-stone-castles-of-latvia-and-estonia-1185-1560","title":"Crusader Castles of the Teutonic Knights (2): The Stone Castles of Latvia and Estonia 1185-1560","description":"\u003ctable class=\"singles-description-table\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/html\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eDescription:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eThe original forced conversion of pagan Livonia, what is now the Baltic states of Latvia and Estonia, was carried out by a military order known as the Brethren of the Sword. In 1236 this order was incorporated into the Teutonic Knights following a catastrophic military defeat. The knights had always consolidated their conquests through networks of castles and fortified places, and the Livonian Chapter of the Teutonic Order built castles of stone. This title covers the developmental and operational history of these fortresses over the length of the Middle Ages. It details how the Baltic fortifications of the Teutonic Knights evolved to reflect the changing nature of siege warfare and the increasing dominance of gunpowder in warfare.\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eMSRP:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003e18.95\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eBook Series:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eFortress\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eVolume:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003e19\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eSubject:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eMilitary History and Technology\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eStephen Turnbull\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eAbout the Author:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eStephen Turnbull has published several books on the subject of warfare in Medieval and Early Modern Europe, and has developed a strong interest in Eastern European armies such as the Hussites and Muscovy. His books are always based on extensive scholarly research coupled with in depth study tours of the countries he is describing.\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003e9781841767123\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eOsprey Publishing\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003ePublication Date:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003e5\/25\/04\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eNumber of Pages:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003e64\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eBinding:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003ePaperback\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eIllustrator:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003ePeter Dennis\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eUPC:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003e9781841767123\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eSet:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eOsprey Books\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003eRarity:\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd\u003esealed\u003c\/td\u003e\n      \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-description-div\"\u003e\n        \u003cdiv class=\"oracle-text\"\u003e\n            The original forced conversion of pagan Livonia, what is now the Baltic states of Latvia and Estonia, was carried out by a military order known as the Brethren of the Sword. In 1236 this order was incorporated into the Teutonic Knights following a catastrophic military defeat. The knights had always consolidated their conquests through networks of castles and fortified places, and the Livonian Chapter of the Teutonic Order built castles of stone. This title covers the developmental and operational history of these fortresses over the length of the Middle Ages. It details how the Baltic fortifications of the Teutonic Knights evolved to reflect the changing nature of siege warfare and the increasing dominance of gunpowder in warfare.\n        \u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n        \u003cdiv class=\"catalogMetaData\" style=\"visibility: hidden;\" data-cardtype=\"other\" data-cardid=\"5\" data-tcgid=\"142651\" data-lastupdated=\"2025-09-20T19:03:10.815837\"\u003e\n        \u003c\/div\u003e\n        ","brand":"Books","offers":[{"title":"Sealed","offer_id":51317092516162,"sku":"3458495","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0904\/0920\/6082\/files\/142651.jpg?v=1758441854","url":"https:\/\/www.eacollectibles.com\/products\/crusader-castles-of-the-teutonic-knights-2-the-stone-castles-of-latvia-and-estonia-1185-1560","provider":"EA Collectibles","version":"1.0","type":"link"}